Antenna propagation.

In a long distance communication network at the transmitting end an Antenna converts guided wave into free space wave and at the receiver end another antenna converts the free space wave back to guided wave for further processing. The phenomenon that occurs in the medium between a transmitter and a receiver that is how the energy propagation takes place between transmitter and receiver is studied in detail in this chapter.

Electromagnetic waves are oscillations, which propagate with the velocity of light in free space. The electric field, the magnetic field, and direction of propagation are mutually perpendicular in uniform plane electromagnetic wave. From the transmitting antenna the radiated electromagnetic wave spreads in all directions. The em wave spreads over a relatively large area. Its amplitude decreases with increasing distance and hence power available at most of the receiving antennas is only a small fraction of the radiated power. . In some cases transmission loss (ratio of radiated power to received power) may be as great as 1015 to 1020 (150 to 200 dB) and so it is the transmission loss between transmitting and receiving antennas which determines whether the received signal will be useful or not.

The electromagnetic waves propagate in different ways depending on their properties and the environment. The actual environment in which radio waves are propagating may have Obstacles, Discontinuities and variations of characteristics in the propagation medium. However, the only environment of importance for practical radio-wave propagation is that of the earth and its immediate surroundings. In many respects, the concept of free space propagation is realized in the space far from the earth. Free space does not interfere with the normal radiation and propagation of radio waves. In free space, no magnetic or gravitational fields, solid bodies or ionized particles are assumed to exist.

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Thanks for reading, and sorry for wasting your time. I assume you aren’t a telecommunication engineering student, and the passage above is totally irrelevant to you. Yah you just wasted 5 minutes reading crap! Wahaha.

This is merely half a page I copied from my notes. I have more than 100 pages of notes to be studied, which means more than 200 times of the above page amount, tonnes and tonnes of formulas to be memorised by tomorrow night.

GOD HELP ME PLEASE!

I am hopeless…